Impact of Climate Change on Paddy Cultivation in Kerala
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Abstract
This study investigates the impact of climate change on paddy cultivation in Kerala, focusing on yield and yield variability. Kerala's agriculture is heavily dependent on paddy cultivation, making it crucial to understand the implications of climate change on this sector. The study analyzes climate variability in Kerala, examining changes in temperature and rainfall patterns over the past decades and their effects on paddy yield. Using the Just and Pope production function, the research evaluates the relationship between climatic factors and paddy yield, incorporating both mean and variance regression models. Results indicate seasonal variations in rainfall and temperature, with specific seasons showing positive or negative impacts on paddy yield. For instance, winter and summer temperatures positively affect yield, while excessive rainfall during the autumn season negatively impacts productivity. The study highlights the increasing variability in rainfall during the southwest monsoon, posing a substantial risk to the agricultural economy. Moreover, the analysis shows that temperature and rainfall interaction play an important role in determining yield outcomes. The research highlights the importance of adopting climate-resilient practices to combat the adverse effects of climate change. These practices include conservation agriculture and developing paddy varieties that can withstand higher temperatures. By assessing how climate variability impacts paddy cultivation, this study provides insights for both policymakers and farmers. It stresses the need for practical strategies to adapt to and mitigate climate change, ensuring food security and sustainable farming in Kerala.
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